Mar 06 2008

Chasing the cause for performance degradation

Tags: , , , , Rajiv @ 5:14 am GMT-0700

Spoiler: The last three pictures speak more than the thousand odd words that precede them

Day before:
Too many issues resizing photos in Java. Takes too much memory, takes too long, runs out of mem on Mac. A quick comparison with ImageResizer PowerToy shows that the Java code is taking too much memory and time. The difference is an order of magnitude higher on V’s machine which is slightly older and has lesser memory.
Yesterday (and day before):
Implement a photo resize server using GDI+. Go to bed happy that mem consumption is low, speed is very good and all kinks in passing around UTF-8 filenames between Java and VC++ have been ironed out.
Noon:
J integrates the new resizer into the code base.
2pm:
J verifies perf is 4 times better
6pm:
Code is checked in … waiting for integration build
8pm:
Leave for home
10pm:
Receive an e-mail, integration build ready .. start downloading with the hope of gloating in the perf gains
10.30pm:
Installation started … baby crying … unplug the laptop move closer to baby … play with the baby and complete the installation … start the test case in background
10.35pm:
No sign of test completing … should have finished 2mins ago
10.40pm:
Suspect some “first time” bug, run the test case again …
10.46pm:
No luck … still pathetic perf … does not match what I saw in the morning
10.50pm:
Pissed … shoot of a mail to J … “dood, did you checkin the integration … i see no diff in perf …
10.55pm:
No reply … shall I wait till morn …
11:00pm:
Let me try to recreate morning’s perf numbers … run the main method on java wrapper for the resizer … the same run which took 2mins in the morning is taking 6mins … as bad as the java resizer …damn ..
11:10pm:
WTF?!!
11:11pm:
Maybe I messed up the java wrapper … run the main method on exe resizer …
11:18pm:
Just as bad … three times slower than what it was in the morn …
11:20pm to 12:05am:
Make many runs trying to change some code in the exe … nothing seems to improve perf
12:05am:
Low battery alert … curse the laptop … can’t run even a few hrs without power
12:07am:
Make some more changes to c++ code … build … run …
12:09am:
By Joe! Done in 2mins instead of 6!… damn thing … why is this small change causing the whole thing to be 3 times slower … do some googling …
12:10am:
Undo the changes … recompile and run … see if it becomes slow again …
12:09am:
Thighs are burning … prop up the laptop
12:12am:
Hain?! Done in 2mins … WTF … it was taking 6mins just a few mins ago …
12:15am:
Rollback all the changes … recompile … run …
12:17am:
Done in two mins … WTF … How can this be … Check the logs for the timining … it was taking 6mins till a few mins ago … and the whole thing is back to 2mins now … no changes done … desperate to blame it on something … maybe anti virus was running earlier (should I check the anti virus logs?)… maybe the windows kernel has cached the files now (should I restart the laptop and see?) … maybe it became slow when i was running on battery …
12:18am:
Is that really possible … will my CPU run slow if it is running out of power …
12:18am:
Or will it be slow if it is running on battery … to save power
12:19am:
Hain … what a joke … laptop can’t be so smart … it was just a coincidence … I plugged in the power and it became faster …
12:19am:
There are no coincidences in this business … unplug the power … run the test …
12:22am:
No sign of ending it really is slow
12:25am:
Back to 6mins for the test
12:25am:
… can’t be … really i mean … can the laptop be so smart … what was that thing that showed clock speed … cpu-z … google: cpu-z … download … run … wow! It is true … clock speed has been reduced to 598MHz instead of 1.6GHz

12:25am:
OK … now connect the power and see … there goes my theory … still 598MHz

12:25am:
Hmmm … maybe it realized though it is powered, I am not running any CPU intensive task …. could it really really that smart … nyaaah …
12:26am:
Start the test with power still connected … run cpu-z … whoa! 1.6GHz …

More googling reveals, this is Intel SpeedStepTM technology at work. It can be enabled/disabled from BIOS. A quick intro at Bay Wolf. Implementation details at Intel.

Now I have to locate some java API to detect if the CPU is running at a lower clock speed so I can warn the users to power up!

Update June 05, 2008: I was wrong in suspecting my dying battery. Replacing it with a brand new one didn’t help.

Long long ago I was bugged by the fact that the screen would go blank when I was reading some content heavy websites. I opened up the power management dialog, noticed that the default power scheme used to switch off the monitor too soon when running on battery. So I decided to change the power scheme to Presentation. There is NO indication that this setting does anything other than affect: Monitor, Hard Disc and System Standby.

However, following Alexander’s suggestion when I changed the power scheme from “Presentation” to “Home/Office desktop”. I notice that the clock speed behaves the same when on battery or power: When there is no CPU intensive task, it runs on low clock speed and when there is a CPU intensive task it runs at the rated clock speed.

I wish XP warned me or atleast hinted in some fashion that the power scheme would affect the clock speed. *sigh*

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6 comments


  1. Alexander Langer


    I can’t think of any problems arising from using SpeedStep in ordinary applications. The CPU is very sensitive to it’s load and increases core / cache / bus speeds immediately when needed. I don’t know what’s wrong in your case but all computers I know work just perfectly as they should.

    My Dell notebook’s got the same cpu.. at least it did for more than three years until I had a chance to upgrade to 1.8 GHz (not much of an upgrade really). Looking forward to my iMac to arrive…

    I also manage some AMD servers which have Cool&Quiet enabled (AMD’s version of SpeedStep) and there’s also no problem…


  2. Rajiv


    Hi Alexander,

    SpeedStep increases the clock speed automatically as load increases IF your laptop is connected to power source (see third screenshot). If your laptop is disconnected from power source it always keeps it at low speed (see first screenshot).

    Rajiv


  3. Alexander Langer


    Not per se. It just uses different schemes. You an play around a bit with XP’s energy settings in the control panel. But in my case, I have to say it doesn’t make a noticeable difference. When my good old Dell Inspiron 8600 runs on battery (which it does right now) I get it to run an 1.2 and 1.8 GHz without any problems…


  4. Rajiv


    Windows->Control Panel->Power options has options to only turn off monitor/hard disc. Nothing to enable/disable SpeedStep. Am I looking at the wrong place?

    Checked my BIOS settings. It has option to only enable/disable SpeedStep. Nothing to fine tune it.

    The only thing I am suspecting is that on boot up it shows me a warning:

    Your battery is charging normally, however it is reaching the end of its usable life. You can experience a longer operating time with a new battery. You may want to consider purchasing a replacement battery now.

    If the battery is able to take the load of my display with full brightness, I think it can handle the additional power required to run CPU at full clock speed. Anyways a replacement battery is being manufactured currently (that’s what the Dell guys said!) and should ship to me in about 3 weeks. Wonder if things will be different with the new battery (though I suspect not).


  5. Gil Megidish


    Please, for God’s sake, don’t add java code to detect low clock speeds :S
    It’s not your fault if somebody disconnects from power. And quite frankly, that was my first guess. Keep writing your stuff, and let CPU-Z worry about alarming people in systray that their computer is running at low clock.

    Cheers!


  6. Rajiv


    Got my spanking new 9 cell battery today. It feels amazing to have to run scurrying for a power outlet every time I start my laptop!

    Unfortunately, when I run the tests, it still shows that when running on battery it runs at 1/3rd of the rated clock speed even if there is a CPU intensive process running. 🙁

    Hmmm … gotta try on couple of other laptops and see if they behave the same …

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